![]() Both listeners and speakers should be aware of these kinds of impediments and work to eliminate or mitigate them. Regardless of the cause, when a listener is not paying attention to a speaker’s dialogue, effective communication is significantly diminished. It can result from various psychological or physical situations such as visual or auditory distractions, physical discomfort, inadequate volume, lack of interest in the subject material, stress, or personal bias. Low concentration, or not paying close attention to speakers, is detrimental to effective listening. Conversely, engaging in focused, effective listening also lets people collect information in a way that best promotes critical thinking and, ultimately, successful communication. These skills allow people to organize the information that they hear, understand its context or relevance, recognize unstated assumptions, make logical connections between ideas, determine the truth values, and draw conclusions. People can use critical thinking skills to understand, interpret, and assess what they hear in order to formulate appropriate reactions or responses. Therefore, critical thinkers must engage in highly active listening to further their critical thinking skills.
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